On October 22, the Holy See announced the extension of the Provisional Agreement on the appointment of bishops with China for another four years. In a recent interview with America magazine in Rome, Cardinal Stephen Chow, S.J., the bishop of Hong Kong, described the extension as a “step forward.” He acknowledged mixed reactions to the news but emphasised that the agreement is not permanent.
Originally signed in September 2018 and renewed in October 2020 and 2022, the agreement has allowed all bishops in mainland China to be in communion with the pope, fostering ongoing dialogue, albeit at a slower pace than the Vatican desires. Cardinal Stephen, who was attending the final session of the Synod on Synodality, expressed optimism, suggesting that the extension indicates a greater level of agreement between the two parties.
While details of any amendments to the agreement remain undisclosed, sources indicate that some changes requested by the Vatican may have been incorporated. The Vatican’s official statement highlighted its commitment to constructive dialogue with China, aiming to enhance relations for the benefit of both the Catholic Church and the Chinese people.
Cardinal Stephen noted that since the initial agreement, there has been a positive shift in relations. However, the process of nominating bishops remains slow, with many dioceses still without bishops. He sees the gradual buildup of trust as crucial for improving the situation.
A notable sign of this growing trust was the participation of two mainland bishops at the synod, who engaged actively in discussions—unlike the previous year when they had to leave early. The cardinal also pointed to the Chinese government’s recognition of Bishop Melchior Shi Hongzhen as a sign of a potential easing of restrictions.
Cardinal Stephen noted that since the initial agreement, there has been a positive shift in relations. However, the process of nominating bishops remains slow, with many dioceses still without bishops. He sees the gradual buildup of trust as crucial for improving the situation
Despite these improvements, the cardinal acknowledged the complexities of local governance in China, which can vary between cooperation and increased control. He reflected on his visit to Beijing in April 2023, suggesting a cautious openness under Pope Francis, who has emphasised appreciating Chinese culture rather than criticism.
When asked about the possibility of a papal visit to China, Cardinal Stephen expressed hope, recognising that Chinese authorities might need to conduct internal consultations before making such a decision public. He also noted the invitation from a Chinese bishop for synod members to visit, suggesting a desire for engagement with the international community.
Addressing concerns about the sinicisation of religion in China, the bishop of Hong Kong characterised it as a broader concept aimed at aligning various sectors with national interests, rather than an ideological threat to Catholic theology. He believes the government sees the Catholic Church as more manageable compared to other religious groups.
Turning to Hong Kong, Cardinal Stephen acknowledged ongoing economic challenges, exacerbated by the pandemic and international sanctions. He highlighted the impact of emigration on the local Catholic community, noting a leadership gap as younger Catholics leave the region.
However, the cardinal remains hopeful about the future of Vatican-China relations and the continued development of the Catholic Church in the region.
